Agriculture to economic

Agriculture is central to frugal harvest-feast and victimisation in Pakistan. Being the dominant empyrean it contri savees 21. 4 part to GDP, employs 45 percentageage of the countrys labour force and contributes in the festering of other domains of the economy. During 2012-13, party farm sector exhibited a growth of 3. 3 percent on the back of arrogant growth in factory farm related sub sectors, Crops grew at 3. 2 percent, Livestock 3. 7 percent, Forestry 0. 1 percent and Fishing 0. 7 percent. The agriculture subsector component which includes authorized dresss other percent respectively.As the cognitive operation of agriculture sector dependent upon weather condition, timely availability of gossip (water). During 2012-13 weather condition and water situation has an impact on these Kharif crops that paved the way for decrease in output of rice and cotton crops. Agriculture growth percentages (Base=2005-06) Other crops that contributed 12. 3 percent shelter addendum in agriculture witnessed a absolute growth of 6. 7 percent in 2012-13 against negative growth of 7. 7 percent during the same period stretch forth twelvemonth. The cotton ginning under new base 2005-06 has been include in agriculture nurse addition showed a negative growth of 2.9 percent in 2012-13 against the positive growth of 13. 8 percent during the same period last year. The Livestock sector which has a 55. 4 percent share in the agriculture grew by 3. 7 percent in 2012-13. The Fishing sector grew by 0. 7 percent as against last years positive growth of 3. 8 percent. Forestry sector posted a nominal growth of 0. 1 percent this year as compared to positive growth of 1. 7 percent last year. Pakistan has two crop seasons, Kharif being the first sowing season scratch from April-June and harvested during October December. Rice, sugarcane, cotton, maize, moong, mash, bajra and jowar are Kharif crops.Rabi, the second sowing season, begins as on October-December and is harvested i n April-May. stalk, gram, lentil (masoor), tobacco, rapeseed, barley and mustard are Rabi crops. The crops surgical operation is dependent upon timely availability of irrigation water. During 2012-13, the availability of water as an essential input for Kharif 2012 was 14 percent less than the normal supplies but to compare with Kharif 2011, it was 4. 4 percent less. The water availability during Rabi season 2012-13 was estimated 31. 9 MAF, which was 12. 4 percent less than the normal availability, but 8. 5 percent higher(prenominal) than last years Rabi crop Crop situationImportant croops, such as wheat, rice, maize, cotton and sugarcane tarradiddle for 25. 2 percent of the value added in overall agriculture and 5. 4 percent to GDP. The other crops trace for the 12. 3 percent of the value added in overall agriculture. Live stock contributes 55. 4% to agriculture value added much more then the combine contribution of all-important(a) and other crops. ( 37. 6%). The action perfo rmance of important crops is given in table. a. Important crops i) Cotton Pakistan economy depends heavily on cotton crop significantly contribute by providing raw material to the textile industry, such as cotton lint as an export item.It account for 7. 0% of value added in agriculture and 1. 5% of GDP. During 2012-13 the crops was on area of 2879 universal gravitational constant heacters, 1. 6% more then last year(2835 special K heacters). The product of 13. 0 million bales during the period2012-13 against the target of 14. 5 million bales resulted in decline of 13. 0% against the target and decrease of 4. 2 percent over the preliminary year production which was 13. 6 million bales. Mild attack of Thrips, white fly and cotton leafage curl virus (CLCV) adversely effected the production of cotton boll which effected the production and yield per heacter as compare to last year.ii)Sugarcane Sugarcane crops occupies an important position in national economy in tack together to dri ve the large sugar industry. It also provide the material to clipboard, paper and ethanol. It share in value added in agriculture and GDP is 3. 2 and 0. 7% respectively. Sugarcane crops was cultivated on an area of 1124 mebibyte hecters,6. 2% more then last years area of area of 1058 thousand hecters. The main factor contributed to higher production where more area brought under cultivation due(p) to economic fade received by the grower, good management of crops and application of balance doze of inputs. iii)RiceRice is an important hard currency crop of coutry. Rice production comprises 40 percent of Basmati (Fine) type and 60% of coarse types. Rice ranks as second amongst the staple food grain crop in Pakistan and it has been a major reference of impertinent exchange earnings in recent years. Pakistan grows a high forest of rice to fulfil the national demand and also for exports. Rice accounts 2. 7 percent of the value added in agriculture and 0. 6 percent of GDP. iv) Whe at Wheat is an essential diet of population and occupies a central position in agriculture polices of the government. The government announced wheat support price of R.s 1200 which created interest on the part of demesne community. Wheat contributes 10. 1% to the value added in agriculture and 2. 2% to GDP. Area under wheat emergence to 8693 thousand hecter in 2012-13 from 8650 thousand hecters masking an increase of 0. 5% over lats years area. Other crops During 2012-2013,the production of Gram, the largest Rabi pulses crop in Pakistan, stood at 673 thousand tones, against 284 thousand tones of last year, showing an increase of about 137. 0 percent due to increase in area and favorable weather condition, while production of bajra change magnitude 2. 0 percent.This is in contrast to other crops like jawar, Rapeseed & Mustard, Barley and tobacco showed an decline in production of 10. 9 percent, 6. 7 percent, 6. 0 percent and 1. 0 percent, respectively, in 2012-13 as compared to the corresponding period last year. Oilseed The major oilseed crops include cottonseed, sunflower, canola and rapeseed / mustard. Although the cotton crop is grown for its lint, cottonseed contributes 50 to 60 percent to local anaesthetic edible oil production. During the year 2011-12, the constitutional availability of edible oil was 2. 748 million tonnes. local anaesthetic production of edible oil is remained 0.636 million tonnes while imports were 2. 148 million tonnes. The import bill during 2011-12 stood at Rs. 216. 4 billion (US$ 2. 426 billion). During the year 2012-13 (July-March), 1. 738 million tonnes of edible oil valued at Rs. 153. 3 billion (US$ 1. 595 billion) has been imported. The local production during 2012-13 (July-March) was 0. 612 million tonnes. Total availability of edible oil from all sources is provisionally estimated at 2. 35 million tonnes during 2012-13 (July-March). II. Farm Inputs i) Fertilizer Fertilizer is the most important and expensive input.Con tribution of balanced fertilization towards increased yield is from 30 to 50 percent in different crop production regions of the country. One kg of fertilizer nutrient produces about 8 kg of cereals (wheat, maize and rice), 2. 5 kg of cotton and 114 kg of stripped sugarcane. Almost hundred percent soils in Pakistan are deficient in nitrogen, 80 to 90 percent are deficient in phosphorus and 30 percent in potassium. Wide fete deficiency of micronutrients are also appearing in different areas. Soil fertility is continuously depleting due to mining of essential plant nutrients from the soils under intensive cultivation. ii) Improved seedQuality seed wantons a pivotal case in boosting agricultural production both in market oriented and subsistence farming system. Seed has the unique position among various agricultural inputs because the effectiveness of all other inputs mainly depends on the potential of the seeds. Seed is a high technology product and is an innovation most readily ad apted. ameliorate access to good quality of seed is a critical requirement for sustainable agricultural growth and food bail. Effective use of improved/certified seed can result in higher agricultural production and increases the net income which has a positive impact on inelegant development.Hence, availability of quality seed of improved varieties is essential to master the production targets. iii) Mechanization Mechanization of agriculture plays an important role in increasing agricultural production. Mechanization of agriculture is crucial to achieve self sufficiency and surpluses through with(predicate) with(predicate) and through increasing productivity and reducing pre and post harvest losses. The government is making all efforts to modernize its agriculture and its allied fields more efficiently and productively. The use of efficient and quality farm machinery and equipment play an important role in the sowing and harvesting of agriculture crops.During July-March 2012- 13 a total number of 36121 tractors were produced in the country, showing an increase of 34. 6 percent as compared to 26840tractors produced during the same period last year. iv) Irrigation Water is an important input to achieve the agriculture growth and is considered to be the lifeline of agriculture activities. Pakistan has a good irrigation canal network but temperatures and rainfalls during sowing and harvesting season has its own unique importance. III. Livestock and Poultry a) LivestockThe livestock sector occupies a unique position in the National Agenda of economic development . The sector provides net source of foreign earnings. Historically livestock has been dominated by small holders to meet their needs of milk, food security and cash income on daily basis. Moreover, livestock is considered a source of employment generation at homespun level, helping to reduce income variability. It is central to the livelihood of the rural poor in the country and can play an important role in poverty alleviation and keep in uplifting the socio-economic condition of our rural masses.b) Poultry Poultry sector is one of the most organized and vibrant segments of the agriculture industry of Pakistan. This sector generates employment (direct/indirect) and income for about 1. 5 million people. Its contribution in agriculture is 5. 76 percent, livestock 10. 4 percent and in GDP at constant cost factor 1. 2 percent. Poultry gist contributes 26. 8 percent of the total meat production in the country. Poultry sector has shown a healthy growth 7-8 percent annually which reflects its inherent potential. The poultry value added at constant cost factor has increased from Rs.113465 million (2011-12) to Rs. 121726 million (2012-13) showing an increase of 7. 3 percent as compared to previous year. Fisheries fishery plays an important role in Pakistans economy and is considered to be a source of livelihood for the coastal inhabitants. A part from marine fisheries, inland fisher ies (based in rivers, lakes, ponds, dams etc. ) is also very important occupation throughout the country. Fisheries share in the GDP although very little but it adds substantially to the national income through export earnings. During (July-March), 2012-13 a total of 103,822 m.tonnes of fish and fishery products were exported earning US $ 232. 4 million against a total of 90,087 m. tonnes of fish and fishery products were exported earning US $ 222. 6 million corresponding period last year showing an increase of 15. 3 percent and 4. 4 percent respectively. Future Plans Consequent upon 18th Constitutional Amendment, the savage health and production subject have been early policy priorities therefore revolve around the pursual strategies. Encouraging Public Private Partnership direct development with government providing enabling environment. National economic growth.Encouraging livestock sector role and use as tool for poverty alleviation & food security. kick upstairs foreign exchange earnings through exports of livestock products with focus on halal food market. future policy priorities therefore revolve around the following strategies. Encouraging Public Private Partnership led development with government providing enabling environment. National economic growth. Encouraging livestock sector role and using as tool for poverty alleviation & food security. Enhance foreign exchange earnings through exports of livestock products with focus on halal food market.